tweak

config.js

@@ -32,7 +32,13 @@ pressurePenaltyBase: 0.2,
 pressureReproductionPenalty: 0.16
 }),
 city: Object.freeze({
-maxCities: 300
+maxCities: 300,
+agingStartYears: 180,
+agingDecayPerYear: 0.002,
+agingOverCapAttrition: 0.035,
+agingRestoreBudgetShare: 0.18,
+agingRestoreCostPerWear: 70,
+agingRestoreMinWear: 0.08
 }),
 render: Object.freeze({
 graphThrottleMs: 1400,
@@ -47,16 +53,14 @@ cityInnovation: 0.00045
 }),
 polity: Object.freeze({
 minimumPerCapitaFood: 0.06,
-logisticsDistance: 34
+logisticsDistance: 34,
+charismaMin: 0.5,
+charismaMax: 3.0,
+charismaAverage: 1.0
 }),
 polityAccess: Object.freeze({
 enabled: true,
-maxSearchDepth: 8,
+noAccessPenalty: 0.17
-indirectPenalty: 0.012,
-perHopPenalty: 0.006,
-noAccessPenalty: 0.045,
-lowLoyaltyTransitPenalty: 0.012,
-foreignTransitPenalty: 0.008
 }),
 culture: Object.freeze({
 spreadRadius: 3,

engine.js

@@ -1488,6 +1488,8 @@ agriculturalRadius: 2,
 tradeLinks: new Set(),
 activeVisitors: 0,
 age: 0,
+ageWear: 0,
+peakPopulation: seedPopulation,
 strength: 3,
 sedentaryCulture: seedSedentary,
 knowledge: { farming: 0, metallurgy: 0 },
@@ -1499,6 +1501,21 @@ tradeValue: 0,
 tradeReach: 0
 };
 }
+updateCityAging(city) {
+city.ageWear ??= 0;
+city.peakPopulation = Math.max(city.peakPopulation || 0, city.population || 0);
+const cfg = SimConfig.city;
+const ageStart = cfg.agingStartYears ?? 180;
+if ((city.age || 0) <= ageStart) return;
+city.ageWear = clamp(city.ageWear + (cfg.agingDecayPerYear ?? 0.002), 0, 1);
+}
+cityAgeCapacityFactor(city) {
+return clamp(1 - (city?.ageWear || 0), 0, 1);
+}
+cityAgePopulationLimit(city) {
+const peakPopulation = Math.max(city?.peakPopulation || 0, city?.population || 0, 1);
+return Math.max(0, peakPopulation * this.cityAgeCapacityFactor(city));
+}
 absorbUrbanPopulation() {
 if (!this.cities.length) return;
 const absorbed = [];
@@ -1535,6 +1552,7 @@ return whole + (this.rng.next() < value - whole ? 1 : 0);
 processCityEconomies() {
 const w = this.world;
 for (const city of this.cities) {
+this.updateCityAging(city);
 city.agriculturalRadius = clamp(Math.floor(1 + Math.sqrt(city.population) / 4.5), 2, 14);
 city.pheromoneOutput = clamp(Math.log2(city.population + 1) * 0.09, 0.15, 1.8);
 city.knowledge ??= { farming: 0, metallurgy: 0 };
@@ -1579,13 +1597,22 @@ city.tradeReach = trade.reach;
 city.tradeValue = 0;
 city.tradeReach = 0;
 }
-if (city.storedResources > city.population * 0.16 && city.population > 0) {
+const agePopulationLimit = this.cityAgePopulationLimit(city);
+if (city.storedResources > city.population * 0.16 && city.population > 0 && city.population < agePopulationLimit) {
 const prosperity = clamp(city.storedResources / Math.max(1, city.population) - 0.12 + trade.value * 0.012, 0, 0.8);
-const births = Math.max(1, Math.floor(city.population * (0.012 + prosperity * 0.012 + clamp(trade.value, 0, 1.8) * 0.0015)));
+const birthRoom = Math.max(0, Math.floor(agePopulationLimit - city.population));
+const births = Math.min(birthRoom, Math.max(1, Math.floor(city.population * (0.012 + prosperity * 0.012 + clamp(trade.value, 0, 1.8) * 0.0015))));
 city.population += births;
 city.storedResources -= births * 0.55;
 addBirthsToComposition(city.ethnicityComposition, births, this.rng);
 }
+if (city.population > agePopulationLimit) {
+const overLimit = city.population - agePopulationLimit;
+const ageLoss = Math.min(city.population, Math.max(1, Math.ceil(overLimit * (SimConfig.city.agingOverCapAttrition ?? 0.035))));
+city.population -= ageLoss;
+removeFromComposition(city.ethnicityComposition, ageLoss);
+city.strength -= Math.min(0.08, ageLoss / Math.max(1, city.population + ageLoss) * 0.18);
+}
 if (city.age > 20 && city.activeVisitors < 2 && city.storedResources < city.population * 0.03 && city.population > 0) {
 const attrition = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(city.population * (city.activeVisitors === 0 ? 0.025 : 0.010)));
 city.population -= attrition;
@@ -1733,55 +1760,19 @@ const from = this.tradeLinkEndpointId(link.from ?? link.fromCityId ?? link.cityA
 const to = this.tradeLinkEndpointId(link.to ?? link.toCityId ?? link.cityBId ?? link.bId ?? link.targetId ?? link.destinationId ?? link.target ?? link.destination ?? link.b ?? link.cityB);
 return from != null && to != null ? [from, to] : null;
 }
-polityTradeNeighbors(city, polityId) {
-if (!city || polityId == null) return [];
-const neighbors = [];
-for (const link of this.tradeLinks || []) {
-const endpoints = this.tradeLinkEndpointIds(link);
-if (!endpoints) continue;
-const [from, to] = endpoints;
-const otherId = from === city.id ? to : to === city.id ? from : null;
-if (otherId == null) continue;
-const other = this.getCityById(otherId);
-if (other?.polityId === polityId) neighbors.push(other);
-}
-return neighbors;
-}
-tradeAccessToCenter(city, center, polityId) {
-if (!city || !center || polityId == null) return { reachable: false, hops: Infinity, transitCities: [] };
-if (city.id === center.id) return { reachable: true, hops: 0, transitCities: [] };
-if (this.hasDirectTradeConnection(city, center)) return { reachable: true, hops: 1, transitCities: [] };
-const maxDepth = SimConfig.polityAccess?.maxSearchDepth ?? 8;
-const visited = new Set([city.id]);
-const queue = [{ city, hops: 0, transitCities: [] }];
-while (queue.length) {
-const current = queue.shift();
-if (current.hops >= maxDepth) continue;
-for (const neighbor of this.polityTradeNeighbors(current.city, polityId)) {
-if (visited.has(neighbor.id)) continue;
-const hops = current.hops + 1;
-if (neighbor.id === center.id) return { reachable: true, hops, transitCities: current.transitCities };
-visited.add(neighbor.id);
-queue.push({ city: neighbor, hops, transitCities: [...current.transitCities, neighbor] });
-}
-}
-return { reachable: false, hops: Infinity, transitCities: [] };
-}
 tradeAccessLoyaltyPenalty(city, center, polity) {
 const cfg = SimConfig.polityAccess;
 if (!cfg?.enabled || !city || !center || !polity || city.id === center.id || this.hasDirectTradeConnection(city, center)) return 0;
-const access = this.tradeAccessToCenter(city, center, polity.id);
+return clamp(cfg.noAccessPenalty, 0, 0.24);
-if (!access.reachable) return clamp(cfg.noAccessPenalty, 0, 0.07);
-let penalty = cfg.indirectPenalty + Math.max(0, access.hops - 1) * cfg.perHopPenalty;
-const originEthnicity = this.dominantCityEthnicity(city);
-for (const transitCity of access.transitCities) {
-if ((transitCity.loyalty ?? 0.5) < 0.35) penalty += cfg.lowLoyaltyTransitPenalty;
-const transitEthnicity = this.dominantCityEthnicity(transitCity);
-if (originEthnicity !== null && transitEthnicity !== null && transitEthnicity !== originEthnicity) {
-penalty += cfg.foreignTransitPenalty;
 }
-}
+rollLeaderCharisma() {
-return clamp(penalty, 0, 0.07);
+const cfg = SimConfig.polity;
+const min = cfg?.charismaMin ?? 0.5;
+const max = cfg?.charismaMax ?? 3.0;
+const targetAverage = cfg?.charismaAverage ?? 1.0;
+const normalizedAverage = clamp((targetAverage - min) / Math.max(0.001, max - min), 0.001, 0.999);
+const exponent = (1 / normalizedAverage) - 1;
+return min + (max - min) * Math.pow(this.rng.next(), exponent);
 }
 effectiveDistance(cityA, cityB) {
 let distance = this.distanceBetweenCities(cityA, cityB);
@@ -1799,7 +1790,7 @@ color: hslToRgb((id * 0.38196601125) % 1, 0.58, 0.62),
 founded: this.year,
 legitimacy: this.rng.range(0.68, 0.94),
 cohesion: this.rng.range(0.58, 0.9),
-charisma: this.rng.range(0.5, 1.5),
+charisma: this.rollLeaderCharisma(),
 leaderStarted: this.year,
 leaderTenureYears: this.rng.range(24, 68),
 crisis: 0,
@@ -1905,17 +1896,19 @@ while (this.graphEvents.length > 160) this.graphEvents.shift();
 }
 selectNewLeader(polity, forced = false) {
 if (!polity) return;
-const previousCharisma = clamp(polity.charisma ?? 1, 0.5, 1.5);
+const charismaMin = SimConfig.polity?.charismaMin ?? 0.5;
+const charismaMax = SimConfig.polity?.charismaMax ?? 3.0;
+const previousCharisma = clamp(polity.charisma ?? 1, charismaMin, charismaMax);
 const center = this.getCityById(polity.centerCityId);
 const centerStability = center ? clamp(center.loyalty ?? 0.5, 0, 1) : 0.5;
 const institutionalBias = ((polity.legitimacy ?? 0.7) + (polity.cohesion ?? 0.6) + centerStability) / 3;
-const randomLeader = this.rng.range(0.5, 1.5);
+const randomLeader = this.rollLeaderCharisma();
 const continuity = forced ? 0.18 : 0.34;
 const institutionalPull = 0.82 + institutionalBias * 0.36;
 const nextCharisma = clamp(
 previousCharisma * continuity + randomLeader * (1 - continuity) * institutionalPull,
-0.5,
+charismaMin,
-1.5
+charismaMax
 );
 polity.charisma = nextCharisma;
 polity.leaderStarted = this.year;
@@ -1927,7 +1920,7 @@ if (forced) polity.crisis = clamp((polity.crisis || 0) + 0.04, 0, 1.5);
 }
 updatePolityLeaders() {
 for (const polity of this.polities) {
-polity.charisma = clamp(polity.charisma ?? 1, 0.5, 1.5);
+polity.charisma = clamp(polity.charisma ?? 1, SimConfig.polity?.charismaMin ?? 0.5, SimConfig.polity?.charismaMax ?? 3.0);
 polity.leaderStarted ??= polity.founded ?? this.year;
 polity.leaderTenureYears ??= this.rng.range(24, 68);
 const tenureYears = (this.year - polity.leaderStarted) / WEEKS_PER_YEAR;
@@ -2194,7 +2187,7 @@ tech * 24 -
 instability * 12 -
 agePressure * 6
 );
-return basePower * clamp(polity.charisma ?? 1, 0.5, 1.5);
+return basePower * clamp(polity.charisma ?? 1, SimConfig.polity?.charismaMin ?? 0.5, SimConfig.polity?.charismaMax ?? 3.0);
 }
 polityInfluenceRange(polity, wartime = false) {
 const power = this.polityPower(polity);
@@ -2679,6 +2672,34 @@ city.receivedAid = true;
 city.loyalty = clamp(city.loyalty + 0.05, 0, 1);
 }
 }
+this.restoreAgedPolityCities(polity, cities);
+}
+}
+restoreAgedPolityCities(polity, cities) {
+const cfg = SimConfig.city;
+if (!polity || !cities?.length || (polity.treasury || 0) <= 0) return;
+const minWear = cfg.agingRestoreMinWear ?? 0.08;
+let budget = Math.min(polity.treasury, (polity.treasury || 0) * (cfg.agingRestoreBudgetShare ?? 0.18));
+if (budget <= 0) return;
+const costPerWear = Math.max(1, cfg.agingRestoreCostPerWear ?? 70);
+const candidates = [...cities]
+.filter(city => (city.ageWear || 0) > minWear && city.population > 0)
+.sort((a, b) => {
+const aPressure = Math.max(0, (a.population || 0) - this.cityAgePopulationLimit(a));
+const bPressure = Math.max(0, (b.population || 0) - this.cityAgePopulationLimit(b));
+return bPressure - aPressure || (b.population || 0) - (a.population || 0);
+});
+for (const city of candidates) {
+if (budget <= 0 || polity.treasury <= 0) break;
+const wear = city.ageWear || 0;
+const maxRestoreCost = Math.min(budget, polity.treasury, wear * costPerWear);
+if (maxRestoreCost <= 0) continue;
+const restoredWear = maxRestoreCost / costPerWear;
+city.ageWear = clamp(wear - restoredWear, 0, 1);
+polity.treasury -= maxRestoreCost;
+budget -= maxRestoreCost;
+city.receivedAid = true;
+city.loyalty = clamp((city.loyalty ?? 0.5) + restoredWear * 0.24, 0, 1);
 }
 }
 erodePolityLegitimacy() {
@@ -2767,8 +2788,7 @@ delta += clamp((perCapita - 0.10) * 0.07, -0.025, 0.045);
 delta += this.sameDominantEthnicity(city, center) ? 0.03 : -0.012;
 delta += clamp(0.045 - distance * 0.0011, -0.025, 0.045);
 const directCenterTrade = this.hasDirectTradeConnection(city, center);
-if (directCenterTrade) delta += 0.025;
+if (!directCenterTrade) delta -= this.tradeAccessLoyaltyPenalty(city, center, polity);
-else delta -= this.tradeAccessLoyaltyPenalty(city, center, polity);
 if (city.receivedAid) delta += 0.04;
 delta -= 0.004;
 if (city.storedResources < city.population * 0.05) delta -= 0.035;

render.js

@@ -290,15 +290,16 @@ els.tooltip.innerHTML = `
     ])}
     ${tooltipSection("City & State", [
       tooltipRow("Population", city?.population.toLocaleString(), city),
+      tooltipRow("Age cap", city ? `${Math.floor(sim.cityAgePopulationLimit(city)).toLocaleString()} / ${Math.round((city.ageWear || 0) * 100)}% wear` : "", city),
       tooltipRow("Food stock", city?.storedResources.toFixed(1), city),
       tooltipRow("Supply stress", (city?.supplyStress || 0).toFixed(2), city),
       tooltipRow("Trade", city ? `${city.tradeLinks.size} links, ${(city.tradeValue || 0).toFixed(2)} value` : "", city),
       tooltipRow("Knowledge", city ? `${knowledgeLevel(city, "farming").toFixed(2)} farm / ${knowledgeLevel(city, "metallurgy").toFixed(2)} metal` : "", city),
-      tooltipRow("City majority", `E${cityEthnicity}`, cityEthnicity),
+      tooltipRow("City majority", cityEthnicity != null ? `E${cityEthnicity}` : "", cityEthnicity != null),
       city ? cityEthnicityPie(city) : "",
       tooltipRow("State", polity ? `#${polity.id}` : "Independent", city),
       tooltipRow("Loyalty", city?.loyalty.toFixed(2), city),
-      tooltipRow("Charisma", clamp(polity?.charisma ?? 1, 0.5, 1.5).toFixed(2), polity),
+      tooltipRow("Charisma", clamp(polity?.charisma ?? 1, SimConfig.polity?.charismaMin ?? 0.5, SimConfig.polity?.charismaMax ?? 3.0).toFixed(2), polity),
       tooltipRow("Leader tenure", polity ? `${Math.floor((sim.year - (polity.leaderStarted ?? polity.founded ?? sim.year)) / WEEKS_PER_YEAR)}y` : "", polity),
       tooltipRow("Treasury", polity?.treasury.toFixed(1), polity),
       tooltipRow("Capital", polity && city ? polity.centerCityId === city.id ? "yes" : "no" : "", polity)
@@ -328,33 +329,44 @@ els.tooltip.style.left = `${clamp(left, margin, Math.max(margin, hoverState.widt
 els.tooltip.style.top = `${clamp(top, margin, Math.max(margin, hoverState.height - height - margin))}px`;
 }
 function cityEthnicityPie(city) {
-if (!city?.ethnicityComposition?.size) return "";
+if (!city) return "";
-const entries = [...city.ethnicityComposition]
+let entries = [...(city.ethnicityComposition || new Map())]
-.filter(([, count]) => count > 0)
+.map(([id, count]) => [id, Number(count)])
+.filter(([, count]) => Number.isFinite(count) && count > 0)
 .sort((a, b) => b[1] - a[1]);
+if (!entries.length && city.population > 0) {
+const tile = sim.world.idx(city.x, city.y);
+const fallbackId = sim.world.dominantEthnicity[tile] > 0 ? sim.world.dominantEthnicity[tile] : null;
+if (fallbackId != null) entries = [[fallbackId, city.population]];
+}
 const total = entries.reduce((sum, [, count]) => sum + count, 0);
 if (total <= 0) return "";
 const top = entries.slice(0, 5);
 const other = entries.slice(5).reduce((sum, [, count]) => sum + count, 0);
 const slices = other > 0 ? [...top, [0, other]] : top;
+const sliceColor = id => {
+const ethnicity = id !== 0 ? sim.ethnicities.get(id) : null;
+return ethnicity?.color || [122, 130, 126];
+};
 let cursor = 0;
 const gradient = slices.map(([id, count]) => {
 const start = cursor / total * 100;
 cursor += count;
 const end = cursor / total * 100;
-const ethnicity = id ? sim.ethnicities.get(id) : null;
+const color = sliceColor(id);
-const color = ethnicity?.color || [122, 130, 126];
 return `rgb(${color.join(",")}) ${start.toFixed(2)}% ${end.toFixed(2)}%`;
 }).join(", ");
 const labels = slices.map(([id, count]) => {
-const ethnicity = id ? sim.ethnicities.get(id) : null;
+const color = sliceColor(id);
-const color = ethnicity?.color || [122, 130, 126];
+const label = id !== 0 ? `E${id}` : "Other";
-const label = id ? `E${id}` : "Other";
 return `<span class="ethnicity-pie-key"><i style="background: rgb(${color.join(",")})"></i>${label} ${Math.round(count / total * 100)}%</span>`;
 }).join("");
+const background = slices.length === 1
+? `rgb(${sliceColor(slices[0][0]).join(",")})`
+: `conic-gradient(${gradient})`;
 return `
   <div class="ethnicity-pie-wrap">
-    <div class="ethnicity-pie" style="background: conic-gradient(${gradient})"></div>
+    <div class="ethnicity-pie" style="background: ${background}"></div>
     <div class="ethnicity-pie-labels">${labels}</div>
   </div>
 `;

utils.js

@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ function dominantComposition(composition) {
 let bestId = null;
 let bestCount = 0;
 for (const [id, count] of composition) {
+if (!Number.isFinite(count) || count <= 0) continue;
 if (count > bestCount) {
 bestId = id;
 bestCount = count;